우주드림 (woojoodream)
Would you dream? 당신이 꿈꾸는 것

시 (Poet)

시는 왜 주변부를 주목하는가 - 임동확

우주드림 2022. 8. 25. 05:41
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초록

 

일반적으로 대부분의 서정시들은 일견 화려하고 위대한 것보다 작고 소박한 세계를 지지하거나 옹호한다. 그리고 이는 한 시인의 성장과정이나 일상생활 속에서 느껴왔던 소외감이나 상실감이 그의 시 속에 자연스레 배어나온 결과라고 할 수 있다. 특히 오늘날의 시가 대개 사소하고 고립적인 경험을 바탕으로 하는 것은, 원자화되고 파편화된 현대사회의 특성과 그로인한 삶의 조건과 무관하지 않다. 하지만 보다 근본적으로 그것은 논리나 이성으로 해결할 수 없는 한 인간의 근원적인 소외감이나 고독 때문이라고 할 수 있다. 또한 이데올로기나 도덕적 규범만으로 채워질 수 없는, 인간 내면의 원초적인 공허감 또는 결핍이 시인 스스로를 주변자로 만들거나 그럴 수밖에 없는 인간 상황 자체를 문제 삼는다고 할 수 있다.


즉 자신을 둘러싼 주변세계나 타인과 소통할 수 없다는 사실이 한 시인으로 하여금 어떤 실재와의 만남을 간절하게 추구하게 만든다. 그야말로 시인은 언어에 의해 추상화되기 이전의 한 유기체로서 행복하고 완전한 존재에 대한 인간 본연의 향수를 지닌 자이며, 시는 그 가운데 언어를 통해 잃은 것을 언어를 통해 얻으려는 모순적 시도의 일종이다. 언어를 통해 언어 이전의, 언어로는 대체할 수 없는 가장 구체적인 경험이나 느낌의 대상 자체를 직접 드러내려는 불가능한 시도 중의 하나가 시 쓰기라고 할 수 있다.


이처럼 시적 창조 작업은 여전히 통제 불가능하며 실체화할 수 없는 인간 내면의 그 무엇을 향하여 대화와 공감의 메시지를 주고받는 운동의 하나이다. 어떤 중심 또는 체계 밖에서 상징계로 들어가기를 거부하는 그 무엇, 즉 그 어떤 특수성으로 환원되지 않는 개별성이 시인들이 곧잘 주목하는 시적 주변성이다. 그 어떤 집합적 내면성으로 환원할 수 없는 개인만의 고유한 내면성이 시인의 시선을 거의 본능적으로 중심보다 주변세계로 이끌며, 결국 스스로를 중심적인 가치나 이념을 부정하고 거부하는 주변자로 만들어 간다고 할 수 있다.


달리 말해, 시적 주변성은 세계의 주변자로서 인간의 특수한 처지를 자각함과 동시에 그동안 지배해온 자신의 생활과 사고방식과 결별하는 ‘결단의 순간’과 밀접하게 연결되어 있다. 일상의 질서와 리듬을 깨며 느닷없이 닥쳐오는 시적 파국과 충격은, 어떤 보편성에 의해서도 포획되지 않는 개인의 고유성과 특수성에 대한 자각으로 이어지며 자신이 위치한 자리를 중심으로 만들어 간다. 그 자신의 시대와 역사의 예외자로 만들려는 의지와 노력은, 한낱 도피나 무기력이 아니라 자신과 세계에 대한 각성된 주체로 서려는 움직임과 관련되어 있다고 할 수 있다.


결국 대다수 시인들이 자신들을 둘러싼 세계와 삶의 주변자적 존재로 서려는 것은, 단순히 중심부에 대한 본능적인 거부감 때문이 아니다. 일차적으로 그것은 자신들이 속한 문명의 세계가 결코 완벽하지도 절대적이지도 않다는 사실에 기인한다. 좋든 싫든 도처에서 부딪치는 타자들 자체가 그들에게 ‘존중’을 요구하며, 일종의 ‘자유’로서 그들에게 현상하기 때문이라 할 수 있다. 어느 새 상실하기 시작한 우주적이고 정신적인 생명의 교차점, 타락 이전의 세계의 중심 또는 실재의 한 가운데 서고자 하는 의지와 연결되어 있다. 자연이 아닌 문명의 세계 속에서 애초부터 결핍된 주변된 존재로서 스스로에게 신성을 부여하는 중심 아닌 중심, 근거 아닌 근거를 탈환하려는 운동의 일종이라 할 수 있을 것이다.

 

Generally, lyric poems support or protect small and humble things more than brilliant and great things. And this result stem partly from a sense of alienation or loss that he has felt in the process of growth and daily life. Especially it isn't disconnected with fragmented modern society and condition of life that poems of today are based on minor details or solitary experience. However, more fundamental cause to song such things is because of basic self-estrangement or solitude which cannot be solved by logic or reason as a being. Also, fundamental emptiness or deficiency of a person which cannot be filled with ideology or moral principle makes poets themselves peripheral beings. And they raise a question about conditions of human beings themselves inseparable from peripheral beings.


That is, the fact that one cannot communicate with one another or the peripheral world surrounding himself, makes poets pursue a certain meeting with some reality sincerely. Commonly identified in most poems, an individual's deep scar or pain, waiting or longing are an effort to overcome such a gap and void. It's the poets that want to have nostalgia of human nature for happy and perfect being as an organized body before having been abstracted by language. That is to say, the poetic peripheral refers to an exceptional event or a surplus phenomenon which cannot be understood or solved by a logic or ideology in the nature, society or history. Also, creation of poems is still uncontrollable and it is one of motions which communicate with the internal of a human being that cannot be substantialized. Something refusing to enter the symbolic world from the outside a center or system, namely, an exception and singularity that poets frequently note are the poetic periphery.


Accordingly, the poet's action to regain cosmic rhythm momently and temporarily is not never peripheral. Normally, poetic language which have been regarded as a powerless and worthless thing, is closely linked with the divided gap of universality that have controled and restricted all human beings' action, namely, is connected with a point of exception that the effect of universality has been rejected and has been canceled. Therefore, the peripheral as poets' common interests in all ages, are closely connected with realizing their special position as the peripheral being of universe, and at the same time, it's also connected with 'the moment of decision' when they have to break up with their life style and way of thinking that have dominated them. Poetic catastrophe and shock which suddenly come and destroy ordinary order and rhythm, lead to the realization of individuality and particularity that cannot be captured by any universality, and they make their position to the center. Anyway the will and endeavor to make poets exceptional beings of their period and history are not just escape or helplessness, but they are a motion to stand as a awakened being about themselves and the world around them.

 

 

출처

한국시학연구

2008, vol., no.23, 통권 23호 pp. 291-317 (27 pages)

DOI : 10.15705/kopoet..23.200812.011

UCI : G704-001014.2008..23.013  

발행기관 : 한국시학회

연구분야 : 인문학 > 한국어와문학

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